What Materials And Architectures Will The Motor Technology Use?

Motor technology has a certain diversity and professionalism in the selection of materials and architectures. The following is a detailed analysis of the materials and architectures used in motor technology:

Materials

Ferromagnetic materials: mainly used to manufacture motor poles, yokes and other components, common ones include pure iron, alloy steel (such as silicon steel sheets), etc. Electrical steel strips (plates) are soft magnetic materials, and are also mainly used in the motor and transformer industries to play a magnetic conductive role.

Conductive materials: mainly used to manufacture motor wires, terminals, bearings and other components, mainly copper and aluminum. In addition, enameled wire is also a commonly used conductive material in motors, which has good insulation and conductivity.

Insulating materials: used for electrical contact between insulated wires and motor components, common ones include paper, cotton yarn, plastic, ceramics, insulating paint, etc.

Bearing materials: including rolling bearings and sliding bearings, usually made of steel or alloy steel to ensure the accuracy and life of the motor under high-speed operation.

Other materials: Rotor materials include cast iron, cast aluminum, forged steel, permanent magnetic materials (such as neodymium iron boron), etc., which are used to manufacture the rotor of the motor. The anti-vibration rubber ring uses the shock-absorbing and damping effect of rubber to reduce the vibration generated by the operation of the motor and reduce the operating noise. In addition, the end cover, housing and other parts are usually made of steel plates and are treated with corresponding anti-rust treatment.

Architecture

In terms of the architecture of the motor, taking the motor in a hybrid vehicle as an example, it can be divided into P0~P4 and Ps architectures according to the different positions of the motor. Among them, P represents the motor position (Position). The larger the number after P, the farther away from the engine. Motors in different positions play different roles, and the role they play is directly related to the energy consumption and power of the vehicle.

P0 architecture: The motor is located on the front-end accessory drive system (FEAD) of the engine, which is the position of the inverter on an ordinary car. This inverter is a small generator at the front end of the engine, which is flexibly connected to the engine crankshaft through a belt. The technology and structure of the P0 motor are relatively simple and widely used. The automatic start-stop technology equipped in many models now is a P0 architecture.

P4 architecture: The core feature of the motor is that it does not share a drive shaft with the engine, so models designed with P4 motors can achieve four-wheel drive functions. In addition, there is no direct connection between the P4 motor and the engine. However, due to the different drive wheels of the two, the vehicle will face challenges when switching between the engine direct drive mode and the P4 motor direct drive mode. There are relatively few models on the market that use the P4 motor as the main drive mode, and the more typical one is the BMW i8.

In addition, there are P0P4 architectures, P2P4 hybrid architectures, P1P4 combinations, etc. These architectures usually combine P4 motors with motors in other positions to achieve better power performance and energy efficiency.

In summary, the material and architecture selection of motor technology is diverse and professional. In practical applications, it is necessary to comprehensively consider and select factors such as the use scenario, performance requirements and cost of the motor.